Coltau (in Hungarian: Koltó) is located at the banks of the River Láposat 175-190 metres above sea level, 10 kilometres southwest of Baia Mare (in Hungarian: Nagybánya), the capital of Maramures county. In 2004, the town has separated from the neighbouring Sacalaseni (in Hungarian: Szakállasfalva), and established its own local authority.
The town consists of two villages: Coltau/Koltó as town center and Catalina/Katalin. The River Lápos separates the town from the neighbouring villages: Erdőaranyos, Hidegkút, Szakállasfalva, Feketefalu, AlsóújfaluésHagymáslápos.
The town’s favourable geographical location provides excellent conditions for agricultural activities. Thus the most dominant industries (providing employment for most of the local citizens) in Coltau/Koltó are agriculture and farming. The farmers sell their produce at local city markets. As a new trend, growing blueberries and strawberries and organic farms are also present.
Coltau/Koltó has a well-developed infrastructure, good transportation links, easy access to education, health care and career opportunities in the following fields: hospitality and tourism, constructions, handcrafts, dairy and meat processing, pastry and bakery manufacturing, with additional initiatives as a riding school, and organisation of events.